Tim Elston wrote: I didn't say they were all innocent, Mike. And of course they aren't all innocent. I have always been referring to the innocent ones, not the guilty ones. Gerald was alluding to me and others who are concerned with the innocent, whom he presumes to be guilty. Innocent people were held without charge and without legal recourse for up to seven years. And the guilty, since they were not granted the legal status of POWs, ought to have a status that grants them due process. If due process finds them guilty--and surely it will find most of them to be guilty--then they should be sentenced. What I am, and always have been, against is holding people without charge, due process, or legal status, whether guilty or innocent.
I'm purposely late to this discussion. I'd like to very narrowly remark on the idea of due process. The Constitution guarantees this right for citizens. It also extends it to some degree to non-citizens. Now, this is important, guys. Please get this --- habeas corpus review is a bedrock principle of this nation. If someone is detained, habeas (in Federal court) guarantees that a person's detention be reviewed by an Article III judge. The Supreme Court has, since 1803 in Marbury v. Madison, stated that it is the final arbiter of what the Constitution means. And, it is.
The federal habeas statute was held by that very court to apply to the Gitmo detainees. American or alien, if he is in federal custody, has a right under the Constitution to habeas review by a civil court, not a military tribunal giving pro forma review.
Now, in 2006, Congress limited the Federal court's jurisdiciton to hear such cases. Congress has THAT authority under Article I --- to set the jurisdictional limits of the Federal courts. In fact, if Congress was of a mind to do so, the only court that MUST exist at the federal level is the Supreme Court, and it could be just one person if Congress was of a mind to set that limit (once 8 of them died/retired/quit, etc.). So, Congress exercised that Constitutional authority to set jurisdictional limits in the Military Commissions Act of 2006 --- it specifically overturned the case that recognized STATUTORY (not Constitutional, but statutory) habeas review. So, after that, foreign nationals in US custody as "enemy combatants" are NOT entitled to habeas corpus.
Here's the rub on that, though (there always is one): When Congress passed the MCA, it suspended habeas review, right? Not good enough, said the SCOTUS in 2008. The Constitution says that Congress CAN'T suspend habeas review except "when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it." Well, Congress, in its infinite wisdom, did not determine in any Congressional findings, nor did it state in any preambles to the legislation, that the suspension clause was implicated by the circumstances leading to detention at Gitmo or other places.
Soooooo.....SCOTUS said Congress acted beyond its constitutional authority in passing the MCA2006. The case actually got into details about the lease on Gitmo, whether it is foreign or domestic soil. The Supremes said that was an overly technical analysis elevating form over substance, and that we've been in control of it, continuously and uninterrupted and thoroughly, for more than 100 years. Functionally, it is American soil. The Supreme Court specifically said Congress couldn't rely on that lease, and its recognition of the land as Cuba's (which, it is, of course) to get around the Court's powers as set forth 205 years earlier in Marbury.
For now, at least, the DC Circuit Court of Appeals is statutorily designated to hear the habeas reviews of Gitmo detainees. That is the law. That is the Constitution.
Human government bears the same relation to hell as the church bears to heaven. (David Lipscomb, On Civil Government, 72).